When packets are received from the network layer, they are encapsulated into frames. This is the address that is used to communicate frames.
Configure default gateway cisco switch mac#
In the Ethernet, the type of addressing used is the physical address which is typically the MAC address. This communication is also useful if the message being communicated is meant for a large audience. In this case, a frame is usually sent to all the devices on the same LAN. In case a user node needs certain information and it does not know who has the specific information, it may use broadcast type of communication. In this case, multicast messages will be sent. In a teleconferencing call for example, a user may need to communicate with three other users simultaneously. The type of protocol in use can typically determine whether multicast is used. In multicast communication, the sender usually transmits a frame to a group of nodes on the Ethernet segment. In modern LANs, this is the most common form of communication especially on the internet using protocols such as HTTP, Telnet and others. This means that the sender and the recipient as well as the switch in the middle must know about one another. In this mode, there is only one sender and one recipient. With unicast communication, a frame is usually sent from one node to a specific destination. In Ethernet communication, we have three types of ways in which messages are transmitted. With hubs, only one device could transmit at a time, however, with switches, multiple devices can use the media at the same time. In this type of communications, devices on the same Ethernet segment usually listen to the network media to determine if they can transmit or whether they have to wait. We discussed the CSMA/CD in the chapter on Ethernet, we said that the LAN networks operate using several rules. We will conclude with the basic configuration of a switch and this will lead us into the discussion on VLANs. We will discuss the switch’s operation, layer 2 and layer 3 switching as well as other concepts. In this chapter, we will explore switching concepts and the basic configuration of a switch.
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